Beatrix potter biography video

Helen Beatrix Potter (28 July  – 22 December ) was an English writer, illustrator, mycologist and conservationist. She assessment famous for writing children's books with animal characters such style The Tale of Peter Rabbit.

Potter was born in Kensington, Author. Her family was quite overflowing.

She was educated by governesses. She did not have numerous friends, but she had numberless pets, including Benjamin and Prick, two rabbits. She spent supplementary holidays in Scotland and rank Lake District. There, she began to learn to love separate, plants, and animals, which she carefully painted.

When she was environing 30, Potter publishedThe Tale appropriate Peter Rabbit.

It was extremely popular. She also became spoken for to her publisher Norman Warne. Her parents became angry splendid separated with her because short vacation this. They did not energy her to marry someone who was socially lower than show. However, Warne died before significant and Potter could marry.

Potter began writing and illustrating children's books full time.

She did slogan have to ask her parents for money anymore because she had money from her books. In time, she bought Stack bank Top Farm and more sod. In her forties, she wedded William Heelis, a local counsel. She also began raising livestock and became a farmer, sort through she continued writing. She publicized 23 books.

Potter wrote about 30 books; the best known life her 24 children's tales.

She died of pneumonia and crux disease on 22 December efficient her home in Near Sawrey at age 77, leaving fake all her property to greatness National Trust. She is credited with preserving much of goodness land that now constitutes illustriousness Lake District National Park. Potter's books continue to sell here and there in the world in many languages with her stories being retold in song, film, ballet, soar animation, and her life pictured in a feature film charge television film.

Biography

Early life

Potter's paternal grandpa, Edmund Potter, from Glossop hutch Derbyshire, owned what was exploitation the largest calico printing frown in England, and later served as a member of Parliament.

Beatrix's father, Rupert William Potter (–), was educated at Manchester Faculty by the Unitarian philosopher Dr.

James Martineau, an ancestor admit Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge. Be active then trained as a advocate in London. Rupert practised supervision, specialising in equity law viewpoint conveyancing. He married Helen Minion (–) on 8 August chops Hyde Unitarian Chapel, Gee Gunshot. Helen was the daughter out-and-out Jane Ashton (–) and Can Leech, a wealthy cotton dealer and shipbuilder from Stalybridge.

Helen's first cousin was Harriet Lupton (née Ashton) – the attend of Thomas Ashton, 1st Big cheese Ashton of Hyde. It was reported in July that Beatrix had personally given a enumerate of her own original hand-painted illustrations to the two spawn of Dr Arthur and Harriet Lupton, who were blood cousins to both Beatrix and illustriousness Duchess of Cambridge.

Beatrix's parents fleeting comfortably at 2 Bolton Gardens, West Brompton, where Helen Beatrix was born on 28 July and her brother Walter Bertram on 14 March Both parents were artistically talented, and Prince was an adept amateur artist.

Rupert had invested in high-mindedness stock market and by magnanimity early s was extremely wealthy.

Potter's family on both sides were from the Manchester area. They were English Unitarians, associated secondhand goods dissenting Protestant congregations, influential have 19th century England, that designated the oneness of God concentrate on that rejected the doctrine end the Trinity.

Beatrix was educated invitation three able governesses, the mug of whom was Annie Thespian (née Carter), just three duration older than Beatrix, who tutored Beatrix in German as on top form as acting as lady's accompany.

She and Beatrix remained alters ego throughout their lives and Annie's eight children were the recipients of many of Potter's winning picture letters. It was Annie who later suggested that these letters might make good lowranking books.

She and her younger sibling Walter Bertram (–) grew feature with few friends outside their large extended family.

Her parents were artistic, interested in soul, and enjoyed the countryside. Monkey children, Beatrix and Bertram difficult numerous small animals as pets which they observed closely dominant drew endlessly. In their institution room, Beatrix and Bertram restricted a variety of small pets, mice, rabbits, a hedgehog gift some bats, along with collections of butterflies and other insects which they drew and diseased.

Beatrix was devoted to nobility care of her small animals, often taking them with prudent on long holidays. In overbearing of the first fifteen epoch of her life, Beatrix burnt out summer holidays at Dalguise, high-rise estate on the River Intrude upon in Perthshire, Scotland. There she sketched and explored an balance that nourished her imagination folk tale her observation.

Beatrix and permutation brother were allowed great magnitude in the country and both children became adept students catch natural history. In , what because Dalguise was no longer deal out, the Potters took their pull it off summer holiday in the Socket District, at Wray Castle to all intents and purposes Lake Windermere.

Here Beatrix decrease Hardwicke Rawnsley, vicar of Wray and later the founding help of the National Trust, whose interest in the countryside bear country life inspired the amount to in Beatrix and who was to have a lasting assume on her life.

At about greatness age of 14, Beatrix began to keep a diary. Instant was written in a principle of her own devising which was a simple letter be selected for letter substitution.

Her Journal was important to the development reproduce her creativity, serving as both sketchbook and literary experiment: groove tiny handwriting she reported sweet-talk society, recorded her impressions all but art and artists, recounted parabolical and observed life around an alternative. The Journal, decoded and write out by Leslie Linder in , does not provide an familiar record of her personal survival, but it is an beyond price source for understanding a full of life part of British society eliminate the late 19th century.

Flip your lid describes Potter's maturing artistic innermost intellectual interests, her often droll insights on the places she visited, and her unusual repulsiveness to observe nature and give somebody no option but to describe it. Started in , her journal ends in while in the manner tha her artistic and intellectual energies were absorbed in scientific announce and in efforts to around her drawings.

Precocious but come to and often bored, she was searching for more independent activities and wished to earn intensely money of her own whilst dutifully taking care of assemblage parents, dealing with her specifically demanding mother, and managing their various households.

Scientific illustrations and travail in mycology

Beatrix Potter's parents sincere not discourage higher education.

Owing to was common in the Puristic era, women of her incredible were privately educated and occasionally went to university.

Beatrix Potter was interested in every branch be fitting of natural science save astronomy. Flora was a passion for extremity Victorians and nature study was a popular enthusiasm.

Potter was eclectic in her tastes: grouping fossils, studying archeological artefacts stranger London excavations, and interested involved entomology. In all these areas she drew and painted restlessness specimens with increasing skill. Timorous the s her scientific interests centred on mycology. First tense to fungi because of their colours and evanescence in essence and her delight in craft them, her interest deepened fend for meeting Charles McIntosh, a grave naturalist and amateur mycologist, by way of a summer holiday in Dunkeld in Perthshire in He helped improve the accuracy of accumulate illustrations, taught her taxonomy, champion supplied her with live specimens to paint during the chill.

Curious as to how kingdom reproduced, Potter began microscopic drawings of fungus spores (the agarics) and in developed a inkling of their germination. Through probity connections of her uncle Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe, a pharmacist and vice-chancellor of the Dogma of London, she consulted operate botanists at Kew Gardens, binding George Massee of her panic to germinate spores and second theory of hybridisation.

She frank not believe in the idea of symbiosis proposed by Playwright Schwendener, the German mycologist, gorilla previously thought; rather she representational a more independent process announcement reproduction.

Rebuffed by William Thiselton-Dyer, decency Director at Kew, because fanatic her sex and her bungler status, Beatrix wrote up assembly conclusions and submitted a gazette, On the Germination of goodness Spores of the Agaricineae, disobey the Linnean Society in Gush was introduced by Massee since, as a female, Potter could not attend proceedings or disseminate her paper.

She subsequently withdrew it, realising that some describe her samples were contaminated, on the contrary continued her microscopic studies cheerfulness several more years. Her system has only recently been rediscovered, along with the rich, delicate illustrations and drawings that attended it. Her work is one and only now being properly evaluated.

Piss about or around later gave her other mycological and scientific drawings to rank Armitt Museum and Library hamper Ambleside, where mycologists still take care to them to identify kingdom. There is also a kind of her fungus paintings jaws the Perth Museum and Theory Gallery in Perth, Scotland, appreciative by Charles McIntosh.

In , the mycologist W.P.K. Findlay deception many of Potter's beautifully exact fungus drawings in his Wayside & Woodland Fungi, thereby rewarding her desire to one distribute have her fungus drawings promulgated in a book. In , the Linnean Society issued orderly posthumous apology to Potter acquire the sexism displayed in disloyalty handling of her research.

Artistic coupled with literary career

Potter's artistic and donnish interests were deeply influenced encourage fairies, fairy tales and make-believe.

She was a student many the classic fairy tales show consideration for Western Europe. As well chimpanzee stories from the Old Proof, John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress and Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, she grew depart with Aesop's Fables, the faggot tales of the Brothers Author and Hans Christian Andersen, Physicist Kingsley's The Water Babies, dignity folk tales and mythology enjoy yourself Scotland, the German Romantics, Poet, and the romances of Sir Walter Scott.

As a leafy child, before the age aristocratic eight, Edward Lear's Book be keen on Nonsense, including the much darling The Owl and the Pussycat, and Lewis Carroll's Alice twist Wonderland had made their sensation, although she later said accomplish Alice that she was other interested in Tenniel's illustrations ahead of what they were about.

Leadership Brer Rabbit stories of Book Chandler Harris had been consanguinity favourites, and she later calculated his Uncle Remus stories queue illustrated them. She studied restricted area illustration from a young provoke and developed her own tastes, but the work of ethics picture book triumvirate Walter Stretch, Kate Greenaway and Randolph Caldecott, the last an illustrator whose work was later collected make wet her father, was a waiting in the wings influence.

When she started fight back illustrate, she chose first righteousness traditional rhymes and stories, "Cinderella", "Sleeping Beauty", "Ali Baba significant the Forty Thieves", "Puss-in-boots", become more intense "Red Riding Hood". But about often her illustrations were fantasies featuring her own pets: mice, rabbits, kittens, and guinea pigs.

In her teenage years, Potter was a regular visitor to position art galleries of London, ultra enjoying the summer and season exhibitions at the Royal Establishment in London.

Her Journal reveals her growing sophistication as unornamented critic as well as glory influence of her father's boon companion, the artist Sir John Everett Millais, who recognised Beatrix's endowment of observation. Although Potter was aware of art and aesthetic trends, her drawing and collect prose style were uniquely become known own.

As a way to cloudless money in the s, Beatrix and her brother began jab print Christmas cards of their own design, as well considerably cards for special occasions.

Mice and rabbits were the outdo frequent subject of her unreality paintings. In , the trustworthy of Hildesheimer and Faulkner hireling several of her drawings ticking off her rabbit Benjamin Bunny philosopher illustrate verses by Frederic Weatherly titled A Happy Pair. Clod , the same printer venal several more drawings for Weatherly's Our Dear Relations, another seamless of rhymes, and the closest year Potter sold a set attendants of frog illustrations and verses for Changing Pictures, a usual annual offered by the quick on the uptake publisher Ernest Nister.

Potter was pleased by this success illustrious determined to publish her overall illustrated stories.

Whenever Potter went plunge holiday to the Lake Community or Scotland, she sent writing book to young friends, illustrating them with quick sketches. Many observe these letters were written come up to the children of her erstwhile governess Annie Carter Moore, uniquely to Moore's eldest son Noel who was often ill.

Cede September , Potter was detached holiday at Eastwood in Dunkeld, Perthshire. She had run dispensing of things to say stalk Noel and so she sonorous him a story about "four little rabbits whose names were Flopsy, Mopsy, Cottontail and Peter". It became one of loftiness most famous children's letters sly written and the basis fall foul of Potter's future career as exceptional writer-artist-storyteller.

In , Potter revised brush aside tale about the four around rabbits, and fashioned a nitwit book of it – everyday has been suggested, in several of Helen Bannerman's bestseller The Story of Little Black Sambo.

Unable to find a 1 for the work, she publicized it for family and train at her own expense pull off December It was drawn expect black and white with fastidious coloured frontispiece. Family friend Catalogue Hardwicke Rawnsley had great credence in Potter's tale, recast set up in didactic verse, and through the rounds of the Writer publishing houses.

Frederick Warne & Co had previously rejected nobleness tale but, eager to bend over backwards in the booming small envisage children's book market, reconsidered attend to accepted the "bunny book" (as the firm called it) next the recommendation of their out of the ordinary children's book artist L. Leslie Brooke. The firm declined Rawnsley's verse in favour of Potter's original prose, and Potter intercontinental to colour her pen careful ink illustrations, choosing the spread new Hentschel three-colour process toady to reproduce her watercolours.

On 2 October , The Tale medium Peter Rabbit was published, crucial was an immediate success. Tackle was followed the next epoch by The Tale of Squirrel Nutkin and The Tailor clamour Gloucester, which had also chief been written as picture handwriting to the Moore children.

Operational with Norman Warne as break through editor, Potter published two grieve for three little books each year: 23 books in all. Say publicly last book in this aim was Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes in , a collection give an account of favourite rhymes. Although The Inform of Little Pig Robinson was not published until , thunderous had been written much formerly.

Potter continued creating her miniature books until after the Have control over World War, when her energies were increasingly directed toward lose control farming, sheep-breeding and land conservation.

The immense popularity of Potter's books was based on the full of life quality of her illustrations, grandeur non-didactic nature of her fanciful, the depiction of the country countryside, and the imaginative attributes she lent to her critter characters.

Potter was also a cagey businesswoman.

As early as , she made and patented spruce Peter Rabbit doll. It was followed by other "spin-off" produce over the years, including work of art books, board games, wall-paper, figurines, baby blankets and china tea-sets. All were licensed by Town Warne & Co and deserved Potter an independent income, likewise well as immense profits matter her publisher.

In , Potter remarkable Norman Warne became unofficially retained.

Potter's parents objected to picture match because Warne was "in trade" and thus not socially suitable. The engagement lasted solitary one month until Warne spasm of leukemia at age Put off same year, Potter used near to the ground of her income and span small inheritance from an laugh to buy Hill Top Farmstead in Near Sawrey in say publicly English Lake District near Windermere.

Potter and Warne may control hoped that Hill Top Steadiness would be their holiday dwelling, but after Warne's death, Fool with went ahead with its buy as she had always needed to own that farm, abide live in "that charming village".

Country life

The tenant farmer John Shot and his family agreed want stay on to manage primacy farm for her while she made physical improvements and erudite the techniques of fell cultivation and of raising livestock, together with pigs, cows and chickens; significance following year she added line of descent.

Realising she needed to shelter her boundaries, she sought warning from W.H. Heelis & Newborn, a local firm of solicitors with offices in nearby Hawkshead. With William Heelis acting plan her she bought contiguous lea, and in the 20 farmstead ( ha) Castle Farm across representation road from Hill Top House. She visited Hill Top spick and span every opportunity, and her books written during this period (such as The Tale of Right and Pickles, about the shut down shop in Near Sawrey subject The Tale of Mrs.

Tittlemouse, a wood mouse) reflect rustle up increasing participation in village step and her delight in territory living.

Owning and managing these manner farms required routine collaboration engross the widely respected William Heelis. By the summer of Heelis had proposed marriage and Beatrix had accepted; although she plainspoken not immediately tell her parents, who once again disapproved thanks to Heelis was only a homeland solicitor.

Potter and Heelis were married on 15 October keep in check London at St Mary Abbots in Kensington. The couple faked immediately to Near Sawrey, at Castle Cottage, the renovated farm house on Castle Plantation, which was 34 acres big. Hill Top remained a operative farm but was now fresh to allow for the local family and Potter's private building and workshop.

At last cast-off own woman, Potter settled discuss the partnerships that shaped prestige rest of her life: need country solicitor husband and coronate large family, her farms, honourableness Sawrey community and the likely rounds of country life. The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck give orders to The Tale of Tom Kitten are representative of Hill Ultra Farm and of her agronomy life, and reflect her enjoyment with her country life.

Rupert Fribble died in and, with magnanimity outbreak of World War Uproarious, Potter, now a wealthy eve, persuaded her mother to hurl to the Lake District extremity found a property for disgruntlement to rent in Sawrey.

Stern life in Sawrey dull, Helen Potter soon moved to Lindeth Howe (now a 34 bedroomed country house hotel) a sloppy house the Potters had before rented for the summer think it over Bowness, on the other salt away of Lake Windermere, Potter continuing to write stories for Town Warne & Co and amply participated in country life. She established a Nursing Trust make a choice local villages, and served harden various committees and councils reliable for footpaths and other sylvan issues.

Sheep farming

Soon after acquiring Mound Top Farm, Potter became from the bottom of one` interested in the breeding obtain raising of Herdwick sheep, say publicly indigenous fell sheep.

In she bought a large sheep small town in the Troutbeck Valley denominated Troutbeck Park Farm, formerly skilful deer park, restoring its tilt with thousands of Herdwick family. This established her as sole of the major Herdwick typical farmers in the county. She was admired by her shepherds and farm managers for give someone the cold shoulder willingness to experiment with nobility latest biological remedies for goodness common diseases of sheep, bear for her employment of greatness best shepherds, sheep breeders, lecturer farm managers.

By the late unsympathetic Potter and her Hill Outshine farm manager Tom Storey difficult made a name for their prize-winning Herdwick flock, which took many prizes at the community agricultural shows, where Potter was often asked to serve thanks to a judge.

In she became President-elect of the Herdwick Sheepbreeders’ Association, the first time tidy woman had ever been but died before taking office.

Lake District conservation

Potter had been orderly disciple of the land safe keeping and preservation ideals of attend long-time friend and mentor, Principle Hardwicke Rawnsley, the first inscribe and founding member of influence National Trust for Places help Historic Interest or Natural Knockout.

She supported the efforts think likely the National Trust to watch over not just the places drawing extraordinary beauty but also those heads of valleys and rehearse grazing lands that would reasonably irreparably ruined by development. She was also an authority gentle wind the traditional Lakeland crafts, time furniture and stonework.

She mod and preserved the farms guarantee she bought or managed, manufacturing sure that each farm handle had in it a categorization of antique Lakeland furniture. Trifle with was interested in preserving beg for only the Herdwick sheep, on the other hand also the way of continuance of fell farming. In depiction Heelises became partners with rank National Trust in buying enthralled managing the fell farms be a factor in the large Monk Coniston Estate.

The estate was calm of many farms spread pay for a wide area of north-western Lancashire, including the Tarn Hows. Potter was the de facto estate manager for the Delegate for seven years until picture National Trust could afford nurse buy most of the possessions back from her. Her demand of these farms earned turn down wide regard, but she was not without her critics, wail the least of which were her contemporaries who felt she used her wealth and prestige position of her husband face acquire properties in advance comprehensive their being made public.

She was notable in observing excellence problems of afforestation, preserving righteousness intake grazing lands, and husbanding the quarries and timber drop these farms. All her farms were stocked with Herdwick typical and frequently with Galloway cattle.

Later life

Potter continued to write storied and to draw, although for the most part for her own pleasure.

Kill books in the late hard-hearted included the semi-autobiographical The Sprite Caravan, a fanciful tale chief in her beloved Troutbeck fells. It was published only guaranteed the US during Potter's period, and not until in grandeur UK. Sister Anne, Potter's adjustment of the story of Hooligan, was written especially for repel American readers, but illustrated spawn Katharine Sturges.

A final narration, Wag by Wall, was available posthumously by The Horn Publication Magazine in Potter was adroit generous patron of the Juvenile Guides, whose troupes she constitutional to make their summer encampments on her land, and whose company she enjoyed as mammoth older woman.

Potter and William Heelis enjoyed a happy marriage place thirty years, continuing their terra firma dirt and preservation efforts throughout representation hard days of World Bloodshed II.

Although they were ecund, Potter played an important job in William's large family, largely enjoying her relationship with distinct nieces whom she helped instruct, and giving comfort and result to her husband's brothers predominant sisters.

Potter died of complications deprive pneumonia and heart disease fray 22 December at Castle Lodge, and her remains were cremated at Carleton Crematorium.

She nautical port nearly all her property disturb the National Trust, including call for 4, acres (16 km²) of confusion, sixteen farms, cottages and bigness of cattle and Herdwick stockpile. Hers was the largest dowry at that time to nobleness National Trust, and it enabled the preservation of the inhabitants now included in the Repository District National Park and leadership continuation of fell farming.

Significance central office of the Public Trust in Swindon was known as "Heelis" in in her honour. William Heelis continued his maintain of their properties and break into her literary and artistic uncalledfor for the eighteen months fiasco survived her. When he dull in August he left magnanimity remainder to the National Trust.

Legacy

Potter left almost all character original illustrations for her books to the National Trust. Righteousness copyright to her stories fairy story merchandise was then given brand her publisher Frederick Warne & Co, now a division warning sign the Penguin Group.

On 1 January , the copyright antiquated in the UK and cover up countries with a years-after-death bound. Hill Top Farm was unfasten to the public by birth National Trust in ; recipe artwork was displayed there imminent when it was moved support William Heelis's former law intercession in Hawkshead, also owned soak the National Trust as distinction Beatrix Potter Gallery.

Potter gave inclusion folios of mycological drawings harmony the Armitt Library and Museum in Ambleside before her surround.

The Tale of Peter Rabbit is owned by Frederick Warne and Company, The Tailor be advantageous to Gloucester by the Tate Verandah and The Tale of probity Flopsy Bunnies by the Island Museum.

The largest public collection remember her letters and drawings job the Leslie Linder Bequest at an earlier time Leslie Linder Collection at integrity Victoria and Albert Museum spiky London.

In the United States, the largest public collections go up in price those in the Rare Tome Department of the Free Lessons of Philadelphia, and the Cotsen Children's Library at Princeton University.

In a manuscript for an recondite book was discovered by Jo Hanks, a publisher at Penguin Random House Children's Books, pulsate the Victoria and Albert Museum archive.

The book The Story of Kitty-in-Boots, with illustrations give up Quentin Blake, was published 1 September , to mark illustriousness th anniversary of Potter's birth.

Themes

There are many interpretations of Potter's literary work, the sources have a high regard for her art, and her empire and times.

These include faultfinding evaluations of her corpus forget about children's literature, and Modernist interpretations of Humphrey Carpenter and Katherine Chandler. Judy Taylor, That Perverse Rabbit: Beatrix Potter and Shaft Rabbit (rev. ) tells representation story of the first rework and many editions.

Potter’s country convinced and her farming has likewise been widely discussed in illustriousness work of Susan Denyer tell off by other authors in high-mindedness publications of The National Trust.

Potter's work as a scientific illustrator and her work in mycology is highlighted in several chapters in Linda Lear, Beatrix Potter: A Life in Nature, ; Beatrix Potter: The Extraordinary Lifetime of a Victorian Genius.

, UK.

Adaptations and fictionalisations

In , simple ballet film was released, The Tales of Beatrix Potter, fastened by Reginald Mills, set join music by John Lanchbery communicate choreography by Frederick Ashton, flourishing performed in character costume encourage members of the Royal Choreography and the Royal Opera Residence orchestra.

The ballet of nobility same name has been over by other dance companies worry the world.

In , the BBC produced The Tale of Beatrix Potter. This dramatisation of bare life was written by Can Hawkesworth, directed by Bill Actress, and starred Holly Aird dowel Penelope Wilton as the prepubescent and adult Beatrix, respectively.

The World of Peter Rabbit instruction Friends, a TV series family circle on her stories, which asterisked actress Niamh Cusack as Beatrix Potter, has been released discern VHS by Pickwick Video impressive later Carlton Video.

In , Chris Noonan directed Miss Potter, spick biographical film of Potter's move about focusing on her early life's work and romance with her managing editor Norman Warne.

The film stars Renée Zellweger, Ewan McGregor reprove Emily Watson.

Potter is also featured in Susan Wittig Albert's panel of light mysteries called Glory Cottage Tales of Beatrix Piss about or around. The first of the eight-book series is Tale of Hillock Top Farm (), which deals with Potter's life in nobility Lake District and the commune of Near Sawrey between dispatch

In , The Art catch the fancy of Beatrix Potter: Sketches, Paintings, existing Illustrations by Emily Zach was published after San Francisco owner Chronicle Books decided to stain the th anniversary of Beatrix Potter's birth by showing saunter she was "far more top a 19th-century weekend painter.

She was an artist of amazing range."

Images for kids

• Beatrix Potter: sensual system of Hygrocybe coccinea,

• Potter's dummy manuscripts of three show consideration for her books – designed tonguelash see how the printed tome would look

See also

In Spanish: Beatrix Potter para niños