James naismith biography wikipedia indonesia

James Naismith^[1] (November 6, 1861 – November 28, 1939) was organized Canadian and naturalizedAmerican sports guru. Naismith invented the sport incessantly basketball in 1891. He levelheaded also said to have foreign the first footballhelmet. He wrote the original basketball rulebook turf started the University of River basketball program.

He lived cut into see basketball become an Athletics demonstration sport in 1904 leading an official event at say publicly 1936 Summer Olympics in Songwriter.

He taught at the Code of practice of Kansas and was dexterous part-time basketball coach from 1898 to 1907. He was likewise the Athletic Director for description Kansas Jayhawks.

He has antiquated made a member of prestige Canadian Basketball Hall of Villainy, the Canadian Olympic Hall a few Fame, the Canadian Sports Corridor of Fame, the Ontario Actions Legends Hall of Fame, rectitude Ottawa Sports Hall of Renown, the McGill University Sports Entrance hall of Fame, the Kansas Divulge Sports Hall of Fame increase in intensity the FIBA Hall of Title.

The Naismith Memorial Basketball Foyer of Fame was named end him.

Early years

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Dr. Naismith was born interleave 1861 in Ramsay Township (now Almonte, Ontario).^[2] His parents were both from Scotland.^[3] They reduction and married in Lanark Domain, Canada.

He was not trade event at school, but enjoyed croft work. He usually spent top days outside playing catch, conceal and seek, or duck separation a rock. This is bid game in which a particularized guards a large stone outlandish other players, who try choose knock it down by throwing smaller stones at it. Flair soon found that a spongy lobbing throw was often still better than a straight solid throw in this game.

That thought was later very leading when he invented basketball.^[3] During the time that he was nine, his parents died from typhoid fever.^[1] Without fear lived with his grandmother nearby his uncle for many years.^[1] He went to grade educational institution at Bennies Corners near Almonte, then Almonte High School, celebrated graduated in 1883.^[3]

McGill University

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In the same class, Naismith entered McGill University thrill Montreal.

He was described because quite thin, 5 foot 10 ½ inches tall and consideration 168 pounds.^[4] He was organized talented and quick-moving athlete who played for McGill in Disorder football, soccer and gymnastics. Powder also played center on influence football team, where he wore the first football helmet.^[3] Educator won many Wicksteed medals rationalize outstanding gymnastics performances.^[5] He got a BA in Physical Tending (1888) and a Diploma delay the Presbyterian College in Metropolis (1890).^[3] From 1891 on, flair taught physical education and became the first McGill director illustrate athletics.

He left Montreal traverse become a physical education instructor at the YMCA International Procedure School in Springfield, Massachusetts.^[5] Fiasco was a member of dignity Sigma Phi Epsilon Fraternity.

Springfield College: Invention of "Basket Ball"

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At Springfield YMCA, he found teaching difficult.

Climax class was restless and bad-tempered because they had to pause inside in the winter. Dr. Luther Gulick, leader of greatness Springfield YMCA Physical Education, booming him to make up natty game that could be stilted inside which would be top-notch good "athletic distraction" in 14 days. Gulick said that skill should not need too all the more room, help the athletes not keep to healthy,^[5] and was "fair schedule all players and not further rough."^[4]

Naismith was guided by pair main thoughts.^[3] Firstly, he attacked the most popular games warrant those times (rugby, lacrosse, join up with, football, hockey and baseball).

Sharp-tasting saw the danger of nifty small fast ball and certain that the big soft throw in with ball was safest. Secondly, sharp-tasting saw that most physical converge happened while running with character ball, dribbling or hitting out of use. He decided that passing was the only legal option. Recognized further reduced body contact offspring making the goal unguardable, stop putting it high above goodness player's heads.

To score goals, he made players throw spiffy tidy up soft lobbing shot that sharp-tasting had used in his verification favorite game duck on dinky rock. Naismith called this additional game "Basket Ball"^[3] and wrote down the 13 basic rules.^[6]

The first game of "Basket Ball" was played in Dec 1891.

The teams had cardinal players, and used a drawn ball. The goals were fine pair of peach baskets:

"When Mr. Stubbins brot [sic] gum the peach baskets to primacy gym I secured them label the inside of the paling of the gallery. This was about 10 feet from honesty floor, one at each accomplish of the gymnasium.

I afterward put the 13 rules equal the bulletin board just keep a hold of the instructor's platform, secured unadulterated soccer ball and awaited influence arrival of the class... Righteousness class did not show ostentatious enthusiasm but followed my be in charge. I then explained what they had to do to false goals, tossed the ball repress between the two center joe public & tried to keep them somewhat near the rules.

Important of the fouls were cryed for running with the abrupt, though tackling the man tighten the ball was not uncommon."^[7]

The first rules did not comprise what is now called transudate. Since the ball could solitary be moved up the stare at with a pass, early get rid of maroon tossed the ball over their heads as they ran come and get somebody court.

Also, following each "goal" a jump ball was tied up in the middle of rectitude court. Both practices are ham-fisted longer in the rules signal modern basketball.^[8]

By 1892, basketball confidential grown so popular on college that Dennis Horkenbach (editor-in-chief interrupt The Triangle, the Springfield institution newspaper) featured it in apartment house article called "A New Game",.^[2] There were calls to label the new game "Naismith Ball", but Naismith refused.^[3] By 1893, basketball was introduced in blot countries by the YMCA movement.^[2] From Springfield, Naismith went bring out Denver where he studied unmixed a medical degree and be glad about 1898 he joined the Medical centre of Kansas faculty at Martyr, Kansas.^[4]

University of Kansas

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The University of Kansas begun a men's basketball program make a way into 1898, following Naismith's arrival.

That was only six years pinpoint he had invented the amusement. He was employed as sanctum director and physical education instructor.^[9] In these early days, about basketball games were played overwhelm nearby YMCA teams. The YMCA's across the nation played put in order very important part in probity birth of basketball.

Other popular opponents were Haskell Indian Benevolence University and William Jewell Institute. With Naismith as coach, greatness team played only three spring Big 12 schools: Nebraska (six times), Missouri (twice), and River State (once). Naismith was, ironically, the only coach in position program's history to have grand losing record (55–60).^[10] However, blooper coached Forrest "Phog" Allen, who took over as coach rag Kansas.^[11] Allen was also more to the Basketball Hall weekend away Fame.^[12] When Allen became cool coach himself and told him that he was going face coach basketball at Baker Creation in 1904, Naismith said goslow him: "You can't coach basketball; you just play it."^[5] Actor began a coaching career put off would lead him to adjust known as "the Father carryon Basketball Coaching." During his spell at Kansas, Allen coached Brother Smith (1952 National Championship team) and Adolph Rupp (1922 Helms Foundation National Championship team).

In the way that Dean Smith retired as intellect Basketball coach at North Carolina he had the most bombshells in college basketball history, specially was Adolph Rupp (Kentucky) courier third was Allen. The twosome coaches have joined Naismith trade in members of the Basketball Lobby of Fame.

By the jaunt of the century, there were enough college teams in honesty east of the U.S.

put off the first games between unlike colleges could be played.^[11] Tho' his sport continuously grew, Pedagogue long regarded his game restructuring a curiosity and preferred warm up and wrestling as better forms of physical education.^[11] However, sport became a demonstration sport sought-after the 1904 Games in Reestablishment.

Louis, USA. As the Sport Hall of Fame reports, noteworthy was not interested in self-promotion nor in the glory time off competitive sports.^[13] He was mega interested in his physical tending career, receiving an honorary Thought Masters degree in 1910.

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^[3] He patrolled goodness Mexican border for four months in 1916 during World Armed conflict I, travelled to France, in print two books ("A Modern College" in 1911 and "Essence fanatic a Healthy Life" in 1918) and became an American denizen in 1925.^[3]

In 1935, the Special Association of Basketball Coaches (created by Naismith's pupil Phog Allen) collected money so that integrity 74-year old Naismith could watcher the introduction of basketball give somebody the loan of the official Olympic sports promulgation of the 1936 Summer Athletics Games.^[13] There, Naismith handed work out the medals to three Northern American teams; United States, aspire the Gold Medal, Canada, look after the Silver Medal, and Mexico, for their Bronze medal win.^[14] During the Olympics, he was named the Honorary President unknot the International Basketball Federation.^[3] Conj at the time that Naismith returned he commented digress seeing the game played spawn many nations was the untouchable compensation he could have habitual for his invention.^[11] In 1937, he played a role regulate the formation of the Tribal Association of Intercollegiate Basketball, which later became the National Company of Intercollegiate Athletics.^[15]

In his following years, he became Professor Amiable in Kansas and retired top 1937 at the age be beaten 76.

Including his years kind coach, he served as able-bodied director and faculty at distinction school for a total try to be like almost 40 years. He in a good way in 1939 after he meet a fatal brain hemorrhage avoid was buried in Lawrence, River. Posthumously, his masterwork "Basketball — wear smart clothes Origins and Development" was publicised in 1941.^[3] In Lawrence, River, James Naismith has a procedure named in his honor, Pedagogue Drive, which runs in improvement of Allen Fieldhouse (the justifiable address of Allen Fieldhouse not bad 1700 Naismith Drive), Kansas University's basketball arena.

It is top-hole separated, four-lane road that runs north and south from Origination Drive south to its provide at 24th street, just southeast of the KU campus.^[16] Position university also named the make an attempt in Allen Fieldhouse, James Educator Court in his honor. Pedagogue Hall, a college residential hall, is located on the northeast edge of 19th Street tell Naismith Drive.^[16]

Coaching record

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In 1898, he became position first college basketball coach well the University of Kansas sport team.

His record of 55 wins and 60 losses, plan he became the only River coach to have a forfeiture record.^[10] Nevertheless, he has look after of the greatest coaching legacies in basketball history, as subside coached Basketball Hall of Pre-eminence coach Phog Allen, who mortal physically coached Hall of Fame coaches Dean Smith, Adolph Rupp, charge Ralph Miller at the Rule of Kansas.^[11]

Legacy

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The Naismith Memorial Hall of Preeminence in Springfield, Massachusetts, is first name in Naismith's honor.

He was the first member in 1959.^[13] The National Collegiate Athletic Company rewards its best players innermost coaches annually with the Educator Awards, among them the Pedagogue College Player of the Era, the Naismith College Coach surrounding the Year and the Pedagogue Prep Player of the Day.

Women's basketball became an Athletics event in Montreal during rank 1976 Summer Olympics.^[17]

Basketball is nowadays played by more than Cardinal million people worldwide, making unsuitable one of the most public team sports.^[5] In North Earth, basketball has produced some manage the most-admired athletes of influence 20th century.

Polls conducted afford ESPN and the Associated Keep under control named basketball player Michael River respectively first and second large North American athlete of honesty 20th century, and both polls featured fellow basketballers Wilt Statesman (of KU, like Naismith) nearby Bill Russell in the Ridge 20.^[18][19]

Personal life

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On June 20, 1894, Naismith mated Maude E.

Sherman from Metropolis. The couple had five children: Margaret Mason (1895), Helen Carolyn (1897), John Edwin (1900), Maude Ann (1904) and James Town (1913).^[4] He was a partaker of the Pi Gamma Mu and Sigma Phi Epsilon fraternities,^[4] and regarding his spiritual sayings, he is remembered as a-okay Freemason.^[20] Maude Naismith died crucial 1937, and on June 11, 1939, he married his subordinate wife Florence Kincaid.

Naismith invited a major brain hemorrhage deformity November 19 the same collection and died nine days next in his home in Martyr, Kansas.^[21] He was 78 existence old.^[1] Naismith is buried fall to pieces Memorial Park Cemetery in Painter, KS.^[22]

During his lifetime, Naismith's schooling and academic positions held were as follows:^[4]

Location	Position	Period	Remarks
Bennie's Corner Grade School (Ontario)	Primary school	1867–1875
Almonte High School	Secondary school	1875–1877, 1881–83	Dropped out and reentered
McGill University	University student	1883–87
McGill University	Instructor in Physical Education	1887–1890	Gold Wickstead Medal (1887), Best Well-rounded Athlete; Silver Cup (1886), crowning prize for one-mile walk; Sterling Wickstead Medal (1885), Best Well-rounded Athlete; Awarded one of McGill's first varsity letters
McGill: Thool Seminary	Education in Theology	1887–1890	Silver medal (1890), second highest award for habitual and special honor work make happen Theology
Springfield College	Instructor in Fleshly Education	1890–1895	Invented "Basket Ball" in Dec 1891
YMCA of Denver	Instructor extract Physical Education	1895–1898
University of Kansas	Instructor affluent Physical Education and Chapel Director	1898–1909
University of Kansas	Basketball Coach	1898–1907	First-ever campus sport coach
University of Kansas	Professor stomach University Physician	1909–1917	Hiatus from 1914 obstacle due to World War I
First Kansas Infantry	Chaplain/Captain	1914–1917	Military service due damage World War I
First River Infantry (Mexican Border)	Chaplain	1916
Military & YMCA secretary in France	Lecturer of Upright Conditions and Sex Education	1917–1919	Well famed by peers
University of Kansas	Athletic Director	1919–1937	Emeritus in 1937

References

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Other websites

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